Takaful: analisis terhadap konsep dan akad

Abstract

Takaful ialah alternatif kepada insurans konvensional yang haram kerana mengandungi unsur-unsur riba, gharar, dan perjudian. Takaful yang berteraskan tabarru' tidak selamat daripada krititikan-kritikan antaranya, ia banyak menyerupai insurans biasa daripada segi penjualan polisi perlindungan, pengurusan dana dan juga sebagai entiti perniagaan yang bertujuan mengaut keuntungan. Peserta takaful juga bukan sahaja bertujuan untuk menyumbang dan mendapatkan perlindungan, tetapi juga berminat untuk membuat pelaburan. Kertas ini bertujuan mengkaji konsep akad yang digunakan dalam takaful dan kesan-kesannya menurut perspektif fiqh. Takaful is an alternative to the conventional insurance which is prohibited because of elements of usury, uncertainty, and gambling. Takaful which is based on tabarru' is not free from criticisms of being a carbon copy of conventional insurances because of general similarities in terms of selling the protection policy, management of the fund as well as being a profit making business entity. The takaful participants at the same time do not mean to get protection alone, but also aim at making investment. This paper aims at investigating the syariah concepts of the contract used and its effects from fiqh perspective.

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