Access to Medical Care, Dental Care, and Prescription Drugs: The Roles of Race/Ethnicity, Health Insurance, and Income

Leiyu Shi · Lydie A. Lebrun · Jenna Tsai

70 citations0/0 files storedSouthern Medical Journal

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Health disparities and outcomes Healthcare Policy and Management Public Health and Social Inequalities

Abstract

BACKGROUND: After accounting for socioeconomic factors and other demographic characteristics, racial/ethnic disparities in access to care were examined. METHODS: Using nationally representative data on 34,403 individuals from the 2004 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), multiple logistic regression analyses for five outcome measures were conducted: self-reports of being unable to get medical care, dental care, or prescriptions in the past year; and having no doctor or dentist visits in the past year. The main independent variables were race/ethnicity, income, and insurance status. RESULTS: Blacks and Hispanics were less likely to report difficulties in accessing medical care, dental care, and prescriptions as compared to whites. These disparities occurred primarily among the uninsured and Medicaid insured. More objective measures of utilization (ie, no doctor visit or dental visit during the past year) showed that minorities experienced less access than whites. CONCLUSIONS: Racial/ethnic disparities in access to care persist, and cannot be entirely explained by socioeconomic differences. In addition, the nature of these disparities depends on the socioeconomic position of racial/ethnic groups as well as the access measure used.

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References

2003Unequal treatment: confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care 1999Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Health The Added Effects of Racism and Discrimination 2002Disparities in Health Care by Race, Ethnicity, and Language Among the Insured 2000Unmet Health Needs of Uninsured Adults in the United States 1981Equity of Access to Medical Care: A Conceptual and Empirical Overview 2000Racial and Ethnic Differences in Access to and Use of Health Care Services, 1977 to 1996 2004Health Service Access, Use, and Insurance Coverage Among American Indians/Alaska Natives and Whites: What Role Does the Indian Health Service Play?2000Race and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care Access and Utilization: An Examination of State Variation

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