We estimate how much the UK economy employs, spends and invests in architectural and engineering design, both purchased and own account. We provide data for the whole economy and six main industries, 1997-2006. The own-account method follows that used for software in the capitalization of software in the National Accounts. We also provide evidence on the fraction of spending that might be treated as investment in design. Our main results are (a) in 2004 private sector spending on purchased design services was around £17bn, (b) spending on own-account design services about £15bn; (c) investment in design is around half these total and (d) manufacturing accounts for about 50% of total design spending.
Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 18 citations exist upstream.
Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.