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The two most important nineteenth-century French revivers of Giambattista Vico (1668-1744), Jules Michelet (1798-1874) and PierreSimon Ballanche (1776-1847), produced radically divergent interpretations of Vico. This article, after sketching the circumstances of their discoveries of Vico, examines the ways in which Michelet and Ballanche, in appropriating his ideas to meet the needs of their respective philosophies of history, distorted one particular Vichian concept, that of providence. In addition to the interest evinced in Vico by Michelet and Ballanche, the article discusses these three thinkers insofar as they all belong to the historicizing strand of European thought. All three argued that history has a pattern and meaning accessible to human intelligence, and that the creative actions of human beings play an integral role in the working out of this pattern. In examining how Vico, Michelet, and Ballanche related providence to this promethean theme, this contribution to the history of the philosophy of history reflects on the evolution of historicizing thought from the eighteenth to the nineteenth century.
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