This chapter documents the pattern of the rise and fall of income inequality in Latin America and comments on some plausible explanatory factors. After an overview of the regional trends and comparisons with other regions of the world, it focuses on three countries for which substantial analysis is available: Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico. The second section is an overview of the main characteristics and patterns of Latin America's income distribution. The third section discusses the plausible determinants of the inequality changes in the region. The fourth section provides an in-depth analysis of the three country cases. The fifth section offers some concluding remarks.
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