The Kennedy Round: Evidence on the Regulation of International Trade in the United States

Howard P. Marvel · Edward John Ray

133 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Economic Review

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Global trade and economics World Trade Organization Law Canadian Policy and Governance

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and provide empirical evidence regarding the regulation of international trade flows. Our goal is to provide an explanation of the changes in the interindustry pattern of trade restrictions which emerged from the Kennedy Round of tariff negotiations. The principal conclusion of the analysis is that the pattern of protection which resulted from the Kennedy Round was shaped to minimize the domestic political disruption resulting from liberalization. Industries which faced significant import threats and whose characteristics enhanced their potential political influence were able to maintain tariff protection in the face of overall liberalization. The potential impact of the agreed-upon tariff reductions was partially undermined by the introduction of offsetting nontariff trade barriers (NTBs). In addition, NTBs were introduced systematically in industries that were becom

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References

1966The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups.1976Toward a More General Theory of Regulation 2016Determinants of the Commodity Structure of US. Trade 1976Economic Models of Political Choice: Canada's Tariff Structure 1981The Determinants of Tariff and Nontariff Trade Restrictions in the United States 1979New Estimates of Private Sector Unionism in the United States

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