Article2003

Revised age for Mojokerto 1, an earlyHomoerectus cranium from East Java, Indonesia

Michael J. Morwood · Paul O’Sullivan · Eko Edi Susanto · Farina Aziz

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Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology Geology and Paleoclimatology Research Archaeology and ancient environmental studies

Abstract

Dates of around 1.8 Ma have been claimed for a hominin cranial vault excavated near Mojokerto City in East Java, Indonesia. Such an early date for presumed Homo erectus in EastAsia would require a major revision of the general model for timing of initial hominin dispersal ‘Out of Africa’. Instead, our field study and redating of two pumice horizons at thesite indicate that the age of the Mojokerto cranial vault is less than 1.49 Ma. Furthermore, we argue that a basic understanding of site and regional depositional processes is fundamental for assessing the significance of any radiometric date.

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References

2007Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago 1994Age of the Earliest Known Hominids in Java, Indonesia 1995A Plio-Pleistocene hominid from Dmanisi, East Georgia, Caucasus 1996Latest Homo erectus of Java: Potential Contemporaneity with Homo sapiens in Southeast Asia 2001Early Pleistocene 40 Ar/ 39 Ar ages for Bapang Formation hominins, Central Jawa, Indonesia 2001Earliest presence of humans in northeast Asia

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2015Brain ontogeny and life history in Pleistocene hominins 2017Brain Plasticity and Human Evolution 2009LB1’s virtual endocast, microcephaly, and hominin brain evolution 2021The primitive brain of early Homo 2020Age control of the first appearance datum for Javanese Homo erectus in the Sangiran area 2014Endocasts: Possibilities and Limitations for the Interpretation of Human Brain Evolution 2005Relocation of the 1936 Mojokerto skull discovery site near Perning, East Java 2021Widespread Denisovan ancestry in Island Southeast Asia but no evidence of substantial super-archaic hominin admixture

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