Cruise ship tourism

Abstract

The cruise industry has evolved markedly since the early days of the first passenger ships. This evolution has involved excursion voyages, transatlantic travel, the post-war boom, the demise of passenger ships and the advent of modern cruising (Dickinson and Vladimir, 1997). The industry is again growing rapidly and remains one of the major areas of tourism growth since the start of the new millennium.\nBetween 2008 and 2014 cruise travel outpaced general leisure travel in the USA by 22%, and global cruising is evolving at a record pace increasing from 18 million passengers in 2009 to a projected 24 million in 2016, a 33% growth over the 9-year period (CLIA, 2016). The economic impact of cruising in 2014 was 939,232 jobs, US$39.3 billion in wages and salaries. The average daily passenger spending was US$134.72 with a total economic impact of US$120 billion (CLIA, 2016). The industry continues to focus on consolidation, with more than 80% of the global market share held by three cruise companies – Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines (RCCL), Carnival Cruise Lines (CCL) and Norwegian Cruise Lines (NCL) (Pinnock, 2014; Clancy, see Chapter 2, this volume).

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