Article2013

Characterization of microcrystals in some ancient glass beads from china by means of confocal Raman microspectroscopy

36 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Raman Spectroscopy

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Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis Mineralogy and Gemology Studies Glass properties and applications

Abstract

Abstract A total of ten ancient colored glass beads were analyzed by confocal Raman microspectroscopy for the non‐destructive identification of microcrystals within them. These beads were excavated from different regions of China, including Xinjiang, Henan, Hubei and Guangxi Provinces, and were dated mainly from the 10th century BC to the 9th century AD. For the first time, either tin or antimony‐based opacifiers/colorants including calcium antimonate (CaSb2O6, Ca2Sb2O7), bindheimite (Pb2Sb2O7), lead tin yellow type II (PbSn1‐xSixO3) and cassiterite (SnO2) were identified in nine samples. In addition, other crystalline phases such as cuprite (Cu2O), α‐wollastonite (CaSiO3), diopside (CaMgSi2O6), feldspar (KAlSi3O8), calcite (CaCO3) and quartz (SiO2) were also detected. Another interesting phenomenon first observed in this study was the coexistence of Sn‐ and Sb‐based opacifiers/colorants in one mosaic bead from Guangxi. The possibility to use Sb‐ and Sn‐based opacifiers/colorants for dating and provenance study of ancient glass found in China is discussed briefly. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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References

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2016Combined Spectroscopic Analysis of Beads from the Tombs of Kindoki, Lower Congo Province (Democratic Republic of the Congo)2018The combined use of Raman and micro‐X‐ray diffraction analysis in the study of archaeological glass beads 2019In situ non-invasive multianalytical methodology to characterize mosaic tesserae from the House of Gilded Cupids, Pompeii 2019Multi-analytical approach to the study of the European glass beads found in the tombs of Kulumbimbi (Mbanza Kongo, Angola)

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