Forty Studies That Changed Psychology : Explorations into the History of Psychological Research

Abstract

1 Biology and Human Behavior One Brain or Two? Gazzaniga, M. S. (1967). The split brain in man. Scientific American, 217(2), 24--29. More Experience = Bigger Brain Rosenzweig, M. R., Bennett, E. L., & Diamond, M. C. (1972). Brain changes in response to experience. Scientific American, 226(2), 22--29. Are you A Natural? Bouchard, T., Lykken, D., McGue, M., Segal, N., & Tellegen, A. (1990). Sources of human psychological differences: The Minnesota study of twins reared apart. Science, 250, 223--229. Watch Out For The Visual Cliff! Gibson, E. J., & Walk, R. D. (1960). The visual cliff. Scientific American, 202(4), 67--71. 2. Perception and Consciousness TAKE A LONG LOOK ... Fantz, , R.L., (1961). The origin of form perception. Scientific American, 204(May), 61-72. To Sleep, No Doubt to Dream... Aserinsky, E., & Kleitman, N. (1953). Regularly occurring periods of eye mobility and concomitant phenomena during sleep. Science, 118, 273--274. Dement, W. (1960). The effect of dream deprivation. Science, 131, 1705--1707. Unromancing the Dream Hobson, J. A., & McCarley, R. W. (1977). The brain as a dream-state generator: An activation-synthesis hypothesis of the dream process. American Journal of Psychiatry, 134, 1335--1348. Acting as if you are Hypnotized Spanos, N. P. (1982). Hypnotic behavior: A cognitive, social, psychological perspective. Research Communications in Psychology, Psychiatry, and Behavior, 7, 199--213. 3 Learning It'S Not Just About Salivating Dogs! Pavlov, I. P. (1927). Conditioned reflexes. London: Oxford University Press. Little Emotional Albert Watson, J. B., & Rayner, R. (1920). Conditioned emotional responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 3, 1--14. Knock Wood! Skinner, B. F. (1948). Superstition in the pigeon. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38, 168--172. See Aggression...Do Aggression! Bandura, A., Ross, D., & Ross, S. A. (1961). Transmission of aggression through imitation of aggressive models. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 63, 575--582. 4 Intelligence, Cognition, and Memory What You Expect Is What You Get Rosenthal, R., & Jacobson, L. (1966). Teachers' expectancies: Determinates of pupils' IQ gains. Psychological Reports, 19, 115--118. Just How Are You Intelligent? Gardner, H. (1983) Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. New York: Basic Books. Maps In Your Mind Tolman, E. C. (1948). Cognitive maps in rats and men. Psychological Review, 55, 189--208. Thanks For The Memories! Loftus, E. F. (1975). Leading questions and the eyewitness report. Cognitive Psychology, 7, 560--572. 5 Human Development Discovering Love Harlow, H. F. (1958). The nature of love. American Psychologist, 13, 673--685. Out Of Sight, But Not Out Of Mind Piaget, J. (1954). The development of object concept: The construction of reality in the child (pp. 3--96). New York: Basic Books. How Moral Are You? Kohlberg, L. (1963). The development of children's orientations toward a moral order: Sequence in the development of moral thought. Vita Humana, 6, 11--33. In Control And Glad Of It! Langer, E. J., & Rodin, J. (1976). The effects of choice and enhanced personal responsibility for the aged: A field experiment in an institutional setting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 191--198. 6 Emotion And Motivation A Sexual Motivation... Masters, W. H., & Johnson, V. E. (1966). Human sexual response. Boston: Little, Brown. I Can See It All Over Your Face! Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1971). Constants across cultures in the face and emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 17, 124--129. Life, Change, And Stress Holmes, T. H., & Rahe, R. H. (1967). The Social Readjustment Rating Scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 11, 213--218. Thoughts Out Of Tune Festinger, L., & Carlsmith, J. M. (1959). Cognitive consequences of forced compliance. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 58, 203--210. 7 Personality Are You The Master Of Your Fate? Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs, 80, 1--28. Masculine or Feminine...or Both? Bem, S. L. (1974). The measurement of psychological androgyny. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 155--162. Racing Against Your Heart Friedman, M., & Rosenman, R. H. (1959). Association of specific overt behavior pattern with blood and cardiovascular findings. Journal of the American Medical Association, 169, 1286--1296. The One The Many Triandis, H., Bontempo, R., Villareal, M., Asai, M., & Lucca, N. (1988). Individualism and collectivism: Cross-cultural perspectives on self-ingroup relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 323--338. 8 Psychopathology Who's Crazy Here, Anyway? Rosenhan, D. L. (1973). On being sane in insane places. Science, 179, 250--258. You'Re Getting Defensive Again! Freud, A. (1946). The ego and the mechanisms of defense. New York: International Universities Press. Learning to be Depressed Seligman, M. E. P., & Maier, S. F. (1967). Failure to escape traumatic shock. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 74, 1--9. Crowding into the Behavioral Sink Calhoun, J. B. (1962). Population density and social pathology. Scientific American, 206(3), 139--148. 9 Psychotherapy Choosing your Psychotherapist Smith, M. L., & Glass, G. V. (1977). Meta-analysis of psychotherapy outcome studies. American Psychologist, 32, 752--760. Relaxing Your Fears Away Wolpe, J. (1961). The systematic desensitization treatment of neuroses. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 132, 180--203. Projections of Who You Are Rorschach, H. (1942). Psychodiagnostics: A diagnostic test based on perception. New York: Grune & Stratton. Picture This! Murray, H. A. (1938). Explorations in personality (pp. 531--545). New York: Oxford University Press. 10 SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY A PRISON BY ANY OTHER NAME ... Zimbardo, P.G. (1972). The pathology of imprisonment. Society, 9(6). 4-8. The Power Of Conformity Asch, S. E. (1955). Opinions and social pressure. Scientific American, 193(5), 31--35. To Help Or Not To Help Darley, J. M., & Latane, B. (1968). Bystander intervention in emergencies: Diffusion of responsibility. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 8, 377--383. Obey At Any Cost? Milgram, S. (1963). Behavioral study of obedience. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67, 371--378.

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