TDM TRENDS IN THE UNITED STATES

Abstract

In recent years, Transportation (Travel) Demand Management (TDM) has assumed a significant role in the United States as an instrument of congestion management, traffic calming and air quality control. TDM is explicitly mandated in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 and in the Intermodal Surface Transportation and Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA), and is used in numerous local traffic reduction ordinances, development agreements and transportation plans as a means of reducing the impact of automobile use. The December 1995 Congressional repeal of the Employee Commute Option (trip reduction) requirement, and the relaxation of Southern California's employer trip reduction regulation (known as Regulation XV) have modified the implementation environment for transportation demand management in the United States. TDM programs must now rely on voluntary efforts, and their future success in influencing commuters' travel behavior will depend on education and persuasion rather than on compulsion and threats of regulatory sanctions. This paper provides a brief history of TDM development and discusses current trends and future prospects for TDM in the United States. (A)

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