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In this paper we developed a methodology based on the input–output approach to estimate the effect that charging Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs) may have on the Consumer Price Index (CPI). In order to test this methodology, we applied the model to the case study of Spain. We found that the increase in the CPI owing to the charges applied to HGVs is not expected to be substantial. For the case study of Spain, the increase of the CPI was calculated to vary between 0.14 per cent and 0.21 per cent.
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Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 6 citations exist upstream.
Papers that cite the same references — the relational fallback while embeddings are still backfilling.
Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.