Women’s Labor Force Participation in Urban China, 1990–2010

Yuxiao Wu · Dongyang Zhou

58 citations0/0 files storedChinese Sociological Review

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Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance Labour Market and Migration

Abstract

:Using a series of survey and census/mini-census data, this paper explores the trends of women’s labor force participation (WLFP) and estimates the key factors affecting women’s labor supply in urban China between 1990 and 2010. Our results show that WLFP in urban China had changed dramatically from 1990 to 2010. The rates of WLFP had dropped drastically during the 1990s and early 2000s. In 2003, WLFP showed a steady trend of increase. Since 2003, WLFP had become more and more responsive to incomes from other family members. Specifically, women from poorer families have been more likely to join the labor force over time. We argue that Chinese women’s labor supply had been driven by different social or economic forces in different historical stages. From 1990 to 2003, the sharp decline of WLFP may have been caused by institutional transformation (market transition) starting from early 1980s and the radical layoff policy of publicly-owned enterprises (POEs) in the late 1990s. The steady increase of WLFP since 2003 may have been driven by the surge of living costs (e.g., housing, education, and healthcare) in urban China.

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2016Marketization, occupational segregation, and gender earnings inequality in urban China 2018Resource Bargaining and Gender Display in Housework and Care Work in Modern China 2018Dynamics of the Gender Earnings Inequality in Reform-Era Urban China 2018Gender Difference in Early Occupational Attainment: The Roles of Study Field, Gender Norms, and Gender Attitudes 2016Women's Labor Force Participation in Hong Kong: 1991–2011

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