Testing a Dual-Process Model of Media Enjoyment and Appreciation

Robert Joel Lewis · Ron Tamborini · René Weber

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Media Influence and Health Narrative Theory and Analysis Aesthetic Perception and Analysis

Abstract

This article presents a dual-process model of media entertainment representing 2 psychological appraisal processes, and examines how these processes evoke appreciation or enjoyment as a function of the presence/absence of cognitive conflict. The first process (which characterizes experiences of appreciation) is deliberative and slow, and results from cognitive conflict. The second process (which characterizes experiences of enjoyment) is automatic and fast, and occurs when cognitive conflict is inconsequential. Both appraisal processes result from the same underlying framework of intuitive preferences. 2 studies vary narrative conflict among sets of intuitive moral domains to test dual-process predictions regarding slow/fast response times and the association of the presence/absence of conflict with self-reported experiences of appreciation/enjoyment. Discussion examines theoretical implications for entertainment research.

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References

2000Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being.2013Dual-Process Theories of Higher Cognition 2001Defining Identification: A Theoretical Look at the Identification of Audiences With Media Characters 2002Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct.2009Media Effects 2002Parasocial Interaction: A Review of the Literature and a Model for Future Research 1997Emotion and aging: Experience, expression, and control.2004Enjoyment: At the Heart of Media Entertainment

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2018A perceived moral agency scale: Development and validation of a metric for humans and social machines 2015The relationship between elevation, connectedness, and compassionate love in meaningful films.2016Morality Predicts Enjoyment But Not Appreciation of Morally Ambiguous Characters 2016Entertainment and Expanding Boundaries of the Self: Relief From the Constraints of the Everyday 2013Predicting Media Appeal From Instinctive Moral Values

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