Derived Environment Effects in Colloquial Helsinki Finnish

Artο Anttila

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Phonetics and Phonology Research Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation Linguistics and language evolution

Abstract

One of the longstanding puzzles in generative phonology is the so-called Nonderived Environment Blocking (NDEB), proposed by Paul Kiparsky. Based on NDEB, some phonological rules apply only in derived environments—that is, across a morpheme boundary or if fed by an earlier phonological rule—but are blocked in other cases. According to Kiparsky, rules that are both cyclic and lexical apply in nonderived environments. This is supported by the optional rule of Vowel Coalescence in Colloquial Helsinki Finnish. This chapter examines the Finnish evidence based on a corpus of spoken Helsinki Finnish encompassing 126 speakers and approximately 500,000 word forms. It argues that there is no relation between derived environment behavior and any kind of phonological rules, analyzes the Finnish evidence in terms of Optimality Theory, and suggests that NDEB arises from root faithfulness relativized to markedness.

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References

1995Faithfulness and Reduplicative Identity 1994Principles of Linguistic Change: Internal Factors 2006OPTIMALITY THEORY: CONSTRAINT INTERACTION IN GENERATIVE GRAMMAR 1969Competing changes as a cause of residue 1997Deriving Variation from Grammar 1978Catalan phonology and the phonological cycle 2013Morphologically Governed Accent in Optimality Theory 1993BLOCKING IN NONDERIVED ENVIRONMENTS

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2022Dependency Phonology 2022Representations in generative phonology in the 1970s and 1980s 2008The Morphology-Phonology Connection 2004Variation and Phonological Theory 2007Derived Environment Effects and Consistency of Exponence 2003Variation, ambiguity, and noun classes in English

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