Empresa, conocimiento e innovación factores claves del modelo de desarrollo endógeno

Abstract

Globalization and the increase of competition among companies and territories\nhave led cities and urban regions to strengthen competitive advantages derived\nfrom their productive capacities and potentialities through the improvement of local\nresources, differentiation of their production systems and specialization in regard\nto the other cities and regions in the global system. It is precisely this environment\nthat has originated the rebirth of endogenous development theories as instruments\nfor public policy analysis and action in many Latin American countries, notably\nin effect in Venezuela today. The objective of this article is to systematize the\nwealth of theories that serve as a basis for the endogenous development model,\nwhich has its roots in the great development theories (theory of the great impulse\nor push, the dualist growth theory, the dependence theory and the territorial development\ntheory), identifying the concepts and relationships that persist in the interpretation\nof endogenous development, as well as the determining or key factors in\nthis model. A non-experimental, bibliographic or documentary research design\nwas used with a descriptive type study. In this sense, it is necessary to highlight the\nreview of theories on this subject by authors such as Arocena (1995), Boisier\n(1997, 1998 and 2003), Sunkel (1969 and 1973), and especially, the theoretical\ncontributions of Vázquez Barquero (1982, 1988, 1993, 1999 and 2005). Among\nthe main, outstanding conclusions are the importance of the company as a protagonist\nin productive activity and of knowledge and innovation as factors that\ncatalyze growth and local development through the formation of business networks\nthat permit creating an innovative environment.

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