Small States and International Security

Abstract

This chapter aims to discuss the most important and acute security challenges faced by the Baltic States after 2004, together with current or planned security solutions. Baldur Thorhallsson has helped to guide the paradigm change from a Rationalist to a Reflectivist one in small state research. Geopolitical and memory-related sensitivities have guided Baltic post-Communist policies in searching for enhanced security. Baltic neutrality in the late 1930s had brought no safety - following the 1939 Ribbentrop- Molotov Pact, the Baltic States were invaded by both the Nazis and the Soviet troops. The Baltic States took an even higher profile in EU debates on the Nordstream, a gas pipeline connecting Russia and Germany along the bed of the Baltic Sea. Economic security is a complex issue, ranging from macro-economic vulnerability to micro-economic sustainability. Security governance involves the conceptualization of security threats at the political level and the preventive or reactive implementation of security policies.

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