Neuropsychological Assessment and Neurophysiological Evaluation

Abstract

This chapter reviews the foundations, methods and contributions of neuropsychology and neurophysiology to clinical and biological psychiatry. Clinical neuropsychology is undergirded by the equally important assumption that reliable and valid inferences about cognitive/psychological and brain function and dysfunction can be derived from performance on psychometrically sound tests and measures that index clearly defined behavioral or cognitive domains. In many clinical cases the neuropsychological assessment can contribute useful information about a person's capacity for self-care, ability to follow and adhere to a medication or other treatment regimen, ability to manage financial affairs or drive, and capacity for decision-making. Two vignettes are provided to illustrate the various applications of clinical neuropsychology to individuals with neuropsychiatric disorders. Neurophysiological assessment can complement neuropsychological testing by allowing a more direct measure of brain functioning, by providing real-time measures of information processing, and by measuring cognition at a more elemental level.

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