The Disability Rights Movement: From Charity to Confrontation

Abstract

Personal Notes Preface Acknowledgments Chronology Abbreviations and Acronyms 1. Bound and Poster FDR, Cured Cripple * League of Physically Handicapped * The March of Dimes * Parent-Initiated Childhood Disability Organizations * The Poster Child and Telethon * Changing Views of Disability in United States 2. Seeing by Touch, Hearing by Sign Blindness and Deafness: Comparison * Sign Language and Oralism * Braille and Talking Books * Sheltered Workshops * The Lighthouse * Mobility for Blind People: Guide Dogs and White Canes * Jacobus tenBroek and National Federation of Blind * NYC Subway Gates: Controversy in Blind Community * NFB: Trailblazer for Sections 504 and 501 * NFB and ACB: Different Approaches to Blindness * Deafness as Culture * American Sign Language * The Gallaudet University Uprising * Black Deaf Advocates * Education of Deaf Children * Helen Keller, Social Reformer 3. Deinstitutionalization and Independent Living Deinstitutionalization * Early Accessibility Efforts in Colleges * Ed Roberts and Independent Living Movement * Proliferation of Independent Living Concept * Characteristics of Independent Living Centers * Independent Living as an Extension of Rehabilitation * Evaluation of Independent Living Movement * Independent Living and Disability Activism 4. Groundbreaking Disability Rights Legislation: Section 504 The Cherry Lawsuit for Section 504 Regulations * Section 504 as a Spur to Organizing * ACCD, Propelling Section 504 * The Section 504 Demonstrations * The Transbus Controversy * Accessible Transit and York City * Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) * California Accessible Buses * Mainstreaming Public Transit * The Civil Rights Significance of Accessible Transportation 5. The Struggle for Change: In Streets and in Courts Disabled In Action * York Lawyers for Public Interest * Recognizing Disability as a Civil Rights Issue * Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund * The Need for Disability Rights Attorneys * ADAPT * Justice For All 6. The Americans with Disabilities Act 88 Enacting ADA * The ADA and Section 504 * Title I: Employment * Title III: Public Accommodation * Title II: Public Services (State and Local Government) * Title II: Public Transportation * Title IV: National Telephone Relay Service * Title V: Miscellaneous * The Supreme Court and ADA * The Myth of Disability Lobby * Backlash * Every American's Insurance Policy Log 7. Access to Jobs and Health Care Employment Discrimination * Affirmative Action * Disability Employment in Corporate America * Employment of People with Developmental Disabilities * Employment of People with Psychiatric Disabilities * The Criminalization of People with Psychiatric Disabilities * Different Approaches to Psychiatric Disabilities * Mangled Care * Two-Tier Health Care System * People with Special Needs in Managed Care * An Arbitrary Patchwork * Falling through Cracks: Children with Special Health Needs * Long-Term Care in Community * Health Policy Reforms * The Nexus between Jobs and Health Care 8. Dead Yet and Physician-Assisted Suicide Opposition to the Death Train * The Supreme Court * AIDS Activists * Pain Management * Focus on Cure: Pernicious Message * The Eugenics Movement and Euthanasia * The Politics of Physician-Assisted Suicide * Netherlands Slippery Slope vs. U.S. Political Strategy * First-Year Report on Physician-Assisted Suicide in Oregon * Legalizing Disability Discrimination * Dangers of an Inflexible Law * A Better Solution * The Distinction between Severe Disability and Terminal Illness 9. Disability and Technology Universal Design * Accessible Taxis * Teletypewriters and Relay Systems * Clash of Cultures * The One-Step Campaign * Wheelchair Ingenuity * Accessible Classrooms and Laboratories * The Computer as an Accommodation * Psychopharmacology * Bioethical Dilemmas * The Internet and a Miracle Baby * Medical and Genetic Information * Slash, Burn, and Poison * Transforming Scientific Orthodoxy: AIDS Activism * Toward a Vision: Three Queries 10. Disabled Veterans Claim Their Rights Legislation and Self-Advocacy * Rehabilitation: The Man, Not Wound * Paralyzed Veterans of America * Automobiles: Opening New Vistas * The Pattern of Denial * Atomic and Chemical Guinea Pigs * Holding a Nation Accountable 11. Education: Integration in Least Restrictive Environment Quiet Revolution * Enforcing IDEA: Early Efforts * Least Restrictive Environment * An Appropriate Identity * The IDEA in Courts * The Special Education Controversy * Somnolent Samantha * Microcosm of Real World 12. Identity and Culture Three Strands of Movement * Disability Pride: Celebrating Difference * Changing Perceptions and Media * Assessment of Movement * Stealth Movement Notes Index