The chapter delineates specifically Islamic principles of bioethics that are operative in ethical deliberations to provide resolutions of moral quandaries that confront healthcare providers and recipients in Muslim societies. The major thrust of the study is to argue for distinctive principles in Islamic ethical-legal tradition that are responsive to Muslim cultural and political-social experience. Some of these principles and rule show a clear affinity with Western secular bioethics, whereas others are peculiar to Islamic communitarian ethics. In the Islamic communitarian ethics the principle of autonomy is little emphasized as a ground for some ethical resolution. But the principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence are covered under “No harm, no harassment” - a major principle of Islamic legal-theological ethics. As part of another major principle in the Islamic legal theory, namely “Public Good”, the principle of “No harm, no harassment” is the most frequently cited principle in social ethics, including bioethics, in Islam today. In the context of Islamic bioethics the specific principles derived from Islamic legal ethics need to serve as sources for resolving moral quandaries that face Muslim societies.