Les catégories statistiques utilisées dans les DOM-TOM depuis le début de la présence française

Abstract

Rallu (Jean-Louis).- The statistical categories used in the DOM-TOM since the beginning of French administration The statistical classification of the colonial populations, whose origins can be traced back to slavery, reflects the status of the populations: free settlers, slaves, coolies, bondsmen, etc. The indigenous populations had their rights to the land abolished, and were given special legal statutes. Classification according to ethnicity continues these distinctions: the hierarchy of skin colour or ethnic origins reflects the social hierarchy. When this classification does not allow for multi-racial marriage and identifies individuals on the basis of a single ancestral origin, it becomes an instrument for compartmentalizing the population and maintaining the social status quo. In the countries which experience immigration, the various statutes - citizen, legal resident, refugee, etc. - reflect a social hierarchy that appears related to differences in access to the labour market.

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