Does Any Mousterian Cave Present Evidence of Two Hominid Species?

Abstract

“While the skull is the creation of God, the jaw is the work of the devil.”* Be the source of this quote as it may, it is undoubtedly expressive of the frustration that researchers feel when, as so often happens, they examine a mandible that is disarticulated from the skull. Phrased in scientific terms, this quotation simply states that the diabolic mandible bears fewer taxonomic characters—is less diagnostic—than the cranium. Consequently, it lends itself less readily to taxonomic evaluation, with the result that the ensuing taxonomic decision is less secure. Two mandibles were found in Tabun Cave, both reported as originating in layer C, as described in the field report.

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