Lexical Stress in English Pronunciation

Anne Cutler

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Phonetics and Phonology Research Linguistics and language evolution Linguistic Variation and Morphology

Abstract

Not all languages have stress and not all languages that do have stress are alike. English is a lexical stress language, which means that in any English word with more than one syllable, the syllables will differ in their relative salience. Some syllables may serve as the locus for prominence-lending accents. Others can never be accented. The stress pattern of an English polysyllabic word is as intrinsic to its phonological identity as the string of segments that make it up. This type of asymmetry across syllables distinguishes stress languages from languages that have no stress in their word phonology. Within stress languages, being a lexical stress language means that stress can vary across syllable positions within words, and in principle can vary contrastively; this distinguishes lexical stress languages from fixed-stress languages where stress is assigned to the same syllable position in any word.

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References

1988The role of strong syllables in segmentation for lexical access.2016Perception and Production of Fluent Speech 1987The predominance of strong initial syllables in the English vocabulary 1996A prosody tutorial for investigators of auditory sentence processing 2011The communicative function of ambiguity in language 1998When Words Compete: Levels of Processing in Perception of Spoken Words 1992Rhythmic cues to speech segmentation: Evidence from juncture misperception 1981The syllable's role in speech segmentation

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