A reforma gerencial do Estado de 1995

Abstract

The 1995 managerial reform of the State makes a distinction between the exclusive activities of the State and social and scientific activities: the State is supposed to directly execute the former, while financing the latter, which should be taken care of by public non-State organizations. Within the State¿s activities, the 1995 reform additionally distinguishes the strategic core, where decisions are made, from executive and regulatory agencies, which are supposed to be more autonomous than in classical bureaucratic systems, and more accountable. The reform's basic principles, consistent with the new public management, were defined in the 1995 Plano Diretor da Reforma do Aparelho do Estado (Master Plan for the State Apparatus Reform), and in the constitutional amendment that came to be called ¿the administrative reform¿. The amendment and most of the institutions required by the reform were approved by 1998. This positive outcome was possible, in spite strong initial rejection, due to the national debate that it entailed, which ended with wide approval among public opinion and senior civil service. Now the reform is being gradually (and loosely) implemented at federal, state, and municipal levels.

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