Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. The News About Democracy: An Introduction to the American Political Information System. Gatekeeping: Who and What Makes the News? News as A Democratic Information System. Politicians, Press, and the People. A Definition of News. The Fragile Link Between News and Democracy. Why Free Speech Cannot Guarantee Good Information. Soft News and the Turn Away from Politics. The New Gatekeeping. How Mediated Government Works. Case Study Governing with the News: Terror Comes to America. Myths About News Bias. Journalists and the News System. The Politics of Illusion. What Kind of News Would Better Serve Democracy? Warning: The News Has No Democratic Warranty. Democracy Without Citizens? 2. News Content: Four Information Biases that Matter. A Different Kind of Bias. Four Information Biases in the News: An Overview. Personalization. Dramatization. Fragmentation. The Authority-Disorder Bias. How Do Competing Journalists Write Such Similar Stories? Good News, Bad News: Putting News Bias in Perspective. Case Study: The Media Go to War. Four Information Biases in the News: An In-Depth Look. Bias as Part of the Political Information System. News Bias and Discouraged Citizens. Is Civic Journalism a Model for More Useful News? 3. The Political Economy of News. Corporate Profit Logic and News Content. Case Study: All the News that Fits (the Audience Demographics). The Political Economy of News. Economics Versus Democracy: Inside the News Business. The Media Monopoly: Arguments for and Against. Effects of the Media Monopoly: Five Information Trends. How Does Corporate Influence Operate? News on the Internet: Perfecting the Commercialization of Information? Commercialized Information and Citizen Confidence. Megatrends: Technology, Economics, and Social Change. Personalized Information and the Future of Democracy. Whither the Public Sphere? 4. How Politicians Make the News. The Politics of Illusion. The Sources of Political News. News Images as Symbolic Political Reality. News Bias and Press-Government Relations. The Goals of Strategic Political Communication. Symbolic Politics and the Techniques of Image Making. News Management: From Staged Events to Damage Control. Different Presidents, Different News Management Styles. Case Study: Presidential News Management. Press Relations: Feeding the Beast. Government and the Politics of News Making. 5. How Journalists Report the News. Work Routines and Professional Norms. How Reporting Practices Contribute to News Bias. Reporters and Officials: Cooperation and Control. Case Study: Reporters and Officials in the Age of Gotcha Journalism. Reporters as Members of News Organizations: Pressures to Standardize. Reporters and Officials: Cooperation and Control. Reporters as a Pack: Pressures to Agrees. The Paradox of Organizational Routines. When Journalism Works. Democracy With or Without Citizens? 6. Inside the Profession: Objectivity and Other Double Standards. Why Objective Reporting Does Not Work. Defining Objectivity: Fairness, Balance, and Truth. Professional Journalism Standards. Case Study: The Curious Origins of Objective Journalism. Professional Practices and News Distortion. The Adversarial Role of the Press. Standards of Decency and Good Taste. Documentary Reporting Practices. The Use of Stories as Standardized News Formats. Reporters as Generalists. The Practice of Editorial Review. Objectivity Reconsidered. 7. The News Public: Information Processing and Public Opinion. News, Citizen Information, and Public Opinion. The Citizen's Dilemma: Who and What to Believe. Internet vs. Mass Media: Why Mass News Still Matters . Processing the News. Why People Prefer TV: Audio and Visual Information. News Frames and Political Learning. News and Personal Experience: What Gets Through. Case Study: Public Opinion and Attention During the Clinton-Lewinsky Scandal. Thinking About Media Politics with Citizens in Mind. Uses and Gratifications: Other Reasons People Follow the News. The Future: Citizens, Information, and Politics. 8. Freedom from the Press: Solutions for Citizens, Politicians, and Journalists. The News About the Private Media System. The News About Public Broadcasting. The News About Objective Journalism. Dilemmas of the American Information System. News and Power in America: Ideal versus Reality. Why the Myth of a Free Press Persists. Critical Proposals for Citizens, Journalists, and Politicians. Case Study: Citizen Input from Interactive News to Desktop Democracy. The Perils of Virtual Democracy. Corporate Social Responsibility: A Place to Start. Index.
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