The Effects of Childhood Stress on Health Across the Lifespan

Jennifer Middlebrooks · Natalie C. Audage

185 citations0/0 files storedUniversity Libraries (University of Maryland)

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Child Abuse and Trauma Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Stress Responses and Cortisol

Abstract

Stress is an inevitable part of life. Human beings experience stress early, even before they are born. A certain amount of stress is normal and neces-sary for survival. Stress helps children develop the skills they need to cope with and adapt to new and potentially threatening situations throughout life. Support from parents and/or other concerned caregivers is necessary for children to learn how to respond to stress in a physically and emotion-ally healthy manner.The beneficial aspects of stress diminish when it is severe enough to over-whelm a child’s ability to cope effectively. Intensive and prolonged stress can lead to a variety of short- and long-term negative health effects. It can disrupt early brain development and compromise functioning of the nervous and immune systems. In addition, childhood stress can lead to health problems later in life including alcoholism, depression, eating disorders, heart disease, cancer, and other chronic diseases.The purpose of this publication is to summarize the research on childhood stress and its implications for adult health and well-being.

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References

2003Childhood Abuse, Neglect, and Household Dysfunction and the Risk of Illicit Drug Use: The Adverse Childhood Experiences Study 2001Childhood Abuse, Household Dysfunction, and the Risk of Attempted Suicide Throughout the Life Span 2004Adverse childhood experiences and the risk of depressive disorders in adulthood 2004The Victimization of Children and Youth: A Comprehensive, National Survey 2003The impact of adverse childhood experiences on health problems: evidence from four birth cohorts dating back to 1900 2002Adverse Childhood Experiences, Alcoholic Parents, and Later Risk of Alcoholism and Depression 2005Long-Term Consequences of Childhood Sexual Abuse by Gender of Victim 2002Adverse childhood experiences and personal alcohol abuse as an adult

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2020Frequencies and patterns of adverse childhood events in LGBTQ+ youth 2013Relationship between adverse early experiences, stressors, psychosocial resources and wellbeing 2018Wellbeing Outcomes for Children Exposed to Multiple Adverse Experiences in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review 2016Narratives of Childhood Adversity and Adolescent Misconduct as Precursors to Violent Extremism

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