3 Public Sector Research and Industrial Innovation in Norway: A Historical Perspective

Abstract

Abstract This chapter analyses the historical role of public research organizations for industrial growth and innovation in Norway, and the changes in this role over time. Public research organizations include research institutes and higher education institutions, and the chapter goes back in time to the 19th century. Like many other countries, Norway has a large number of research institutes involved in innovation, and these organizations have an equally long history as higher education institutions. Public sector research has co-evolved with the national industrial structure, and institutes and universities have played central roles in developing high technology sectors and activities as well as in modernizations of traditional industries.

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