This paper presents a conceptual model of how organizations collaborate to deliver public services to citizens and businesses. The model is derived from a comparative study of 12 collaborations in Canada, the US, and Europe that involved various combinations of public, private, and nonprofit organizations pursuing a variety of service objectives. The study draws on the literature of interorganizational networks, management information systems, public management, and organizational behavior to devise a preliminary model of how such collaborations form and operate. The case study data are then compared to the preliminary model and a revised, more robust and dynamic model is presented which more closely fits the case experiences across various service types, project structures, and national settings.
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