Articlebronze2012

Insurgent Metaphors: Decentering 9/11 in Mohsin Hamid’s The Reluctant Fundamentalist and Kamila Shamsie’s Burnt Shadows

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Postcolonial and Cultural Literary Studies Contemporary Literature and Criticism South Asian Studies and Diaspora

Abstract

This article examines the novels The Reluctant Fundamentalist (2007) by Mohsin Hamid and Burnt Shadows (2009) by Kamila Shamsie as significant examples of Pakistani writing in English after 9/11. Popular American discourse has remained mostly concerned with the cultural peculiarities of non-western and Islamic cultures such as those of Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan, especially as they coalesce in the figure of the terrorist. Thus, in the reevaluation of feeling, memory, and history prompted by 9/11, the multiple and shifting notions of the “other” now converge to form a singular threat. This figure of decrepitude, prevalently constructed with the accompanying markers of illiteracy, fundamentalism, hatred, and violence, is rearticulated in Hamid and Shamsie's novels to produce the disempowered refugee, the disenchanted immigrant, and the dissident citizen.

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References

2015Third-World Literature in the Era of Multinational Capitalism 1999The Politics of Home: Postcolonial Relocations and Twentieth Century Fiction 2004Terror: A Speech After 9-11 2008Open Doors, Closed Minds: American Prose Writing at a Time of Crisis 2008A Failure of the Imagination: Diagnosing the Post-9/11 Novel: A Response to Richard Gray 2011“The rules of the game have changed”: Mohsin Hamid’sThe Reluctant Fundamentalistand post‐9/11 fiction 2010Moving through America: Race, place and resistance in Mohsin Hamid'sThe Reluctant Fundamentalist 2011Adam's Mirror: The Frontier in the Imperial Imagination

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