Interpolations in the Pauline Letters

Abstract

Victor Paul Furnish notes that ‘hypotheses about textual glosses and the presence of even longer interpolated units [in the Pauline letters] have long been a part of textual and literary criticism’.2 Indeed, some have asserted that the letters as a whole have been heavily interpolated. First advanced in nineteenth-century Germany and particularly the Netherlands,3 this view was revived in the 1920s and 1930s by such scholars as P.-L. Couchoud4 and Alfred F. Loisy5 and, in the United States in the 1940s, by Robert Martyr Hawkins.6 More recently, J.C. O’Neill has proposed that both Galatians and Romans contain numerous glosses and interpolations, some inadvertently included by copyists but many deliberately added,7 and Winsome Munro has argued for an extensive stratum of ‘Pastoral’ interpolations in the Pauline corpus as a whole (and in 1 Peter).8 Finally, Darrell J. Doughty has maintained that the letters ‘can only be understood as complex redactional compositions, that may include appropriations of early Pauline material, but most certainly include an abundance of later material as well’; thus, in his view, the burden of proof rests with the claim that any of the material in the letters is authentically Pauline.9

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