LA UNIDAD Y LA DIVERSIDAD DE LA TEORÍA PSICOLÓGICA

Abstract

The human psyche is a creative reflection and, therefore, it should be studied in its ideal and subjective internal movement and in its dialectical unit with the external world: material and social. The psychological theory must be the dialectical resultant of the analysis and the synthesis. Their unit resides in its more general theoretical foundations and in the synthesis of a series of principles like they are: 1) the psyche and the external world; 2) the conscious psyche and the unconscious psyche; 3) the biological level and the social level; 4) the individual psyche and the social psyche; 5) the cognitive process and the affective process; and 6) the development of the psyche. And in each one of these principles we find a unit of two contraries that penetrates one into the another, identify the one with the other and has a reciprocal influence. The diversity of the psychological theory consists on the unilateral and separated development from each one of the categories contained in these principles like they are, for example, the principle of the personality, the principle of the activity, the study of the cognitive dimension of the psyche, the investigation of the unconscious, the biological study of the psyche and others. The synthesis of all these categories and principles should be the general methodological approach to the unilateral and analytic investigation of each category by separate and the contributions of each analytic research has impact on the synthesis, developing it to superiors levels. In this way each analytic direction has a synthetic character and the general methodology contains itself to the different analytical approaches.

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