The thinking Neanderthals: What do we know about Neanderthal cognition?

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18 citations0/0 files storedWiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science

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Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology Archaeological and Geological Studies Language and cultural evolution

Abstract

The study of Neanderthal cognition is difficult, because of the archaeological invisibility of cognition, and because of the methodological issues that arise both from that invisibility and from their being close to modern humans. Nevertheless, fair progress has been made in gathering relevant evidence. There is now good evidence that Neanderthals were cognitively sophisticated, displaying many of the cognitive traits that were traditionally regarded as proxies for modern human cognition, notably including language. It can neither be proven nor excluded that they were our cognitive equals, but they were close enough to us, biologically and cognitively, to interbreed successfully and leave a genetic legacy in our DNA. WIREs Cogn Sci 2014, 5:613-620. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1317 CONFLICT OF INTEREST: The author has declared no conflicts of interest for this article. For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.

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2000The revolution that wasn't: a new interpretation of the origin of modern human behavior 2013The complete genome sequence of a Neanderthal from the Altai Mountains 2014The genomic landscape of Neanderthal ancestry in present-day humans 2003The Origin of Modern Human Behavior 2011On the earliest evidence for habitual use of fire in Europe 2010Symbolic use of marine shells and mineral pigments by Iberian Neandertals 2009Fire As an Engineering Tool of Early Modern Humans 2012U-Series Dating of Paleolithic Art in 11 Caves in Spain

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