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AT THE END OF the nineteenth century, the socialist movement in Canada began a campaign to create national political organizations and to forge links with the working class, The strongest of these organizations was the Socialist Party of Canada (SPC), which elected several provincial deputies in the West after 1903, and won the affiliation of a number of unions, above all District 18 of the United Mine Workers of America. This article analyzes the socialist project in the coal mining regions of Alberta and British Columbia, 1900-20. Here, mining conditions provoked long and hard working-class struggles, such as the violent strike of non-union miners on Vancouver Island in 1912-4, or the general strike of miners in the Crow's Nest Pass in 1919. Socialist politics had the sympathy of the militants but more importantly, of the mass of electors in these regions. Contrary to the mythology of the frontier, the majority of working-class socialists comprised stable industrial communities. And the Marxist programme of the SPC offered an alternative to each of the great ethnic blocks in the coalfields: European immigrants on the one hand, and English-speaking workers on the other. Be that as it may, the socialists suffered a decisive defeat after 1914. The historical juncture of 1919 created new marching orders for the miners: towards the Communist Party, or the reformist socialism of the CCF. A LA FIN DU dix-neuvieme siecle, le mouvement socialiste au Canada mis sur pied une campagne de creer des organisations national et de forger des anneaux avec la classe ouvriere. La plus fort de ses organisations etait le Parti socialiste du Canada (SPC), qui elu plusieurs deputes provinciale dans l'ouest apres 1903, et qui gagne l'affiliation des quelques unions, surtout District 18 des Mineurs unis d'Amerique. Cette article analyse le projet socialist dans les regions charbonnage en Alberta et au Colombie-Britannique, 1900-20. Les conditions miniere provoquerent des greves longues et durs, telle la violent greve des mineurs non-syndicale de Vancouver Island, 1912-4, ou la greve generale dans le Crow's Nest Pass en 1919. La politique socialiste avait la sympathie des militants, mais plus importante, des masses electorelles dans les regions nommee. A face du mythe de la frontiere, la plupart des socialistes ouvriere dans cettes regions fut des communautes industrielles viable. La politique Marxist du SPC fut un programme alternatif pour chaques des grandes blocs ethnique: des immigres Europeens sur l'un cote, et des ouvriers anglais sur l'autre. Quoi qu'il en soit, les socialistes a souffrir une defait decisif apres 1914; le grand tournant de 1919 a cree des nouveaux mots d'ordre pour les mineurs: le Communisme, ou le socialisme «reformiste» du parti CCF.
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