Article2015

Equine cranial morphology and the identification of riding and chariotry in late Bronze Age Mongolia

William Timothy Treal Taylor · Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan · Tumurbaatar Tuvshinjargal

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Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies Archaeology and ancient environmental studies Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies

Abstract

The adoption of the horse for chariots, wagons and riding had a major impact on human societies, but it has proved difficult to reliably identify early domesticated horses in the archaeological record. This comparative study of equine palaeopathology addresses the problem by analysing wild and domestic horses used for traction or riding. Osteological changes to the skull appear to be the result of mechanical and physiological stress from the use of horses for transport. The results are applied to archaeological examples from the Deer Stone-Khirigsuur Complex of Bronze Age Mongolia (1300–700 BC) and show that those horses were probably bridled and used for transport.

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References

2008The horse, the wheel, and language: how Bronze-Age riders from the Eurasian steppes shaped the modern world 2007The Horse, the Wheel, and Language 2000Silk Roads or Steppe Roads? The Silk Roads in World History 2014Inner Asia and the Spatial Politics of Empire 2005Creativity in Human Evolution and Prehistory

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