MULTICULTURAL AWARENESS FOR BETTER WAYS OF LIFE: A SCALE VALIDATION AMONG MALAYSIAN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS

Abstract

Culture is a cognitive element of collective learni ng knowledge that shaped individual and group behaviours, traits, characteristics and ways of bei ng. Intercultural difficulties, conflict, anxiety a nd uncertainty occur when two or more cognitive cultur al mindsets are conflicting with each other in determining the appropriate way of doing things. Le sson from tragic conflict between Malays and Chinese in May-July 1969, Malaysian government are carefully addressing interracial and ethnic relations issues to avoid any possibilities of trag ic violence. Bandura’s social learning theory underlined that a symbolic environment plays a sign ificant role influencing people’s daily ways of lives. Intercultural relations effectiveness is dep ending on the awareness and integration of social system in harmonious socio relationship. Thus, the main objective of this study is to validate a scale to determine the multicultural awareness among multiethnic society of Malaysia. A stratified random sampling has been used to identify the undergraduat e students from the public higher education institution. In this cross-sectional design, identi fied students have being approached personally to administer a survey questionnaire. Thus, the key fi nding of the present study confirmed that, the instruments are valid and reliable in assessing lev el of cultural awareness among multicultural societ y of Malaysia. The implication to increase effectiven ess of intercultural relations are highlighted and discussed.

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