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En 2003, la Asociación Mapuche Newen Pu Lafkenche de Carahue (novena región, Chile) firma un convenio con distintos Servicios Públicos con el fin de mejorar las condiciones de vida de los habitantes de ocho comunidades mapuche de la zona costera. En esta oportunidad, el Servicio de Salud Araucanía Sur se compromete a formular un diseño de salud complementaria conversado con la comunidad y los especialistas de la medicina tradicional. En el presente artículo presento los principales resultados de esta experiencia y desarrollo una reflexión en torno a los mecanismos políticos que permiten a las comunidades indígenas luchar contra la heteronomía a través de la puesta en marcha de un complejo proceso de re-territorialización y de reactivación de una institucionalidad sociopolítica propia, lo cual como veremos no significa el retorno a una institucionalidad y territorialidad antigua, auténtica o pura. In 2003, the Newen Pu Lafkenche, a Mapuche Organization of South-Center Chile, signed an agreement with several representatives of the Chilean Public Sector. This accord aimed at improving the conditions of life of eight indigenous communities. One of the Civil Services, the Southern Araucania Health Service, offered to design a new complementary health model along with the indigenous traditional healers and leaders. In this paper I present the principal results of this experience in intercultural health in which I participated. I then develop a reflection regarding the political mechanisms that allow the indigenous communities to cope with the heteronomy. Eventually I show how the Indigenous political institutions have been reactivated through the process of re-territorialization and how both phenomena are critical to explain the strength of the Mapuche mobilization in present-day Chile.
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