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An urban place has necessarily a fringe , a zone demarcating the outer area of what is considered as typically and predominantly ‘urban’. Similarly, a rural fringe is an outer zone of what is considered as ‘rural’. The concept of ‘fringe’ can thus be approached from two directions, and two perspectives: the first reflects the urban view of the immediate countryside, whereby somewhere a zone of mixing exists, while the second looks at the situation from the opposite point of view. Obviously, then, the urban-rural fringe, or ‘rurban’ fringe, is an interesting phenomenon and open to a variety of perspectives. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 14 citations exist upstream.
Papers that cite the same references — the relational fallback while embeddings are still backfilling.
Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.