Article2011

Differentiating Fragmented Human and Nonhuman Long Bone Using Osteon Circularity

58 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Forensic Sciences

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Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology Comparative Animal Anatomy Studies

Abstract

Distinguishing between human and nonhuman bone is important in forensic anthropology and archeology when remains are fragmentary and DNA cannot be obtained. Histological examination of bone is affordable and practical in such situations. This study suggests using osteon circularity to distinguish human bone fragments and hypothesizes that osteons will more closely resemble a perfect circle in nonhumans than in humans. Standard histological methods were used, and circularity was determined using an image analysis program, where circularity was controlled for by Haversian canal measurements. Homogeneity was first tested for multiple variables within human and nonhuman samples. No significant differences were found between human sexes (p = 0.657) or among nonhuman species (p = 0.553). Significant differences were found among intraskeletal elements of both humans (p = 0.016) and nonhumans (p = 0.013) and between pooled samples of humans and nonhumans (p < 0.001). Results of this study indicate that osteon circularity can be used to distinguish between fragmented human and nonhuman long bone.

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References

2003Identification of Pathological Conditions in Human Skeletal Remains 1999Human Skeletal Remains: Excavation, Analysis, Interpretation 2002Targeted and nontargeted bone remodeling: relationship to basic multicellular unit origination and progression 2007Differentiating Human Bone from Animal Bone: A Review of Histological Methods 2006Differences Among Species in Compact Bone Tissue Microstructure of Mammalian Skeleton: Use of a Discriminant Function Analysis for Species Identification 1990Patterns of skeletal histologic change through time: Comparison of an archaic native american population with modern populations 2001Differences in Osteon Banding Between Human and Nonhuman Bone 1998Variability in osteon size in recent human populations

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