Robot services for elderly with cognitive impairment: Testing usability of graphical user interfaces

Consuelo Granata · Maribel Pino · Grégory Legouverneur · Jean‐Sébastien Vidal · Philippe Bidaud · Anne‐Sophie Rigaud

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Technology Use by Older Adults Usability and User Interface Design Social Robot Interaction and HRI

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Socially assistive robotics for elderly care is a growing field. However, although robotics has the potential to support elderly in daily tasks by offering specific services, the development of usable interfaces is still a challenge. Since several factors such as age or disease-related changes in perceptual or cognitive abilities and familiarity with computer technologies influence technology use they must be considered when designing interfaces for these users. OBJECTIVE: This paper presents findings from usability testing of two different services provided by a social assistive robot intended for elderly with cognitive impairment: a grocery shopping list and an agenda application. The main goal of this study is to identify the usability problems of the robot interface for target end-users as well as to isolate the human factors that affect the use of the technology by elderly. METHODS: Socio-demographic characteristics and computer experience were examined as factors that could have an influence on task performance. A group of 11 elderly persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment and a group of 11 cognitively healthy elderly individuals took part in this study. Performance measures (task completion time and number of errors) were collected. RESULTS: Cognitive profile, age and computer experience were found to impact task performance. Participants with cognitive impairment achieved the tasks committing more errors than cognitively healthy elderly. Instead younger participants and those with previous computer experience were faster at completing the tasks confirming previous findings in the literature. CONCLUSIONS: The overall results suggested that interfaces and contents of the services assessed were usable by older adults with cognitive impairment. However, some usability problems were identified and should be addressed to better meet the needs and capacities of target end-users.

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References

1989Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology 2005Socially Assistive Robotics 2009Assistive social robots in elderly care: a review 2004Designing for Older Adults 2000Being alone in later life: loneliness, social isolation and living alone 2010Computer use by older adults: A multi-disciplinary review 2000Possible implications of aging for interface designers 2002Designing for dynamic diversity

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2018A systematic review of research into how robotic technology can help older people 2022A survey on the design and evolution of social robots — Past, present and future 2018Factors Affecting the Acceptability of Social Robots by Older Adults Including People with Dementia or Cognitive Impairment: A Literature Review 2022A Review on the Use of Mobile Service Robots in Elderly Care 2018Reframing Assistive Robots to Promote Successful Aging 2021Social Telepresence Robots: A Narrative Review of Experiments Involving Older Adults before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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