Developmental Differences in Memory-Based Intrusions and Self-Serving Statistical Reasoning Biases.

Abstract

Self-serving biases in use of the statistical of large (LLN) principle were explored. On goal-enhancing and goal-neutral problems, adolescents were more prone to schema-based memory intrusions and adults were more prone to exemplar-based intrusions. By contrast, both age groups used law of large numbers reasoning more frequently on goal-threatening evidence than on goal-enhancing or goal-neutral evidence, thereby displaying self-serving reasoning biases. Among the young adults, self-serving biases in reasoning strategies were predicted by informa tion-processing style. These findings are explained in terms of the different experi ences of the two ages and the role of cognitive interference and cognitive disso nance in creating self-serving biases.

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