A large receptive–expressive gap in bilingual children

Karin Keller · Larissa Maria Troesch · Alexander Grob

35 citations0/0 files storedFrontiers in Psychology

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Language Development and Disorders Hearing Impairment and Communication Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism

Abstract

The present study focuses on the discrepancy between receptive and expressive language competence among bilingual children and tests possible explanatory factors of this gap. The sample consisted of 406 bilingual children with German as their second language (L2) and 46 different first languages. Receptive and expressive German language competence (L2) were measured with a standardized language development test at the age of 43 months. As expected, a significant gap in receptive and expressive German language competence (L2) emerged in all language groups. The size of the gap reached 1 SD and correlated with the amount of language contact and thus provides support for the language exposure hypothesis. However, we found no evidence for the language familiarity hypothesis. The present study contributes to the understanding of mechanisms in bilingual language development and, hence, is consequential for both basic research and language assessment practice.

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References

1979Linguistic Interdependence and the Educational Development of Bilingual Children 2007Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test 2012Interpreting the early language trajectories of children from low-SES and language minority homes: Implications for closing achievement gaps.1993Lexical Development in Bilingual Infants and Toddlers: Comparison to Monolingual Norms 2014The cognitive development of young dual language learners: A critical review 2007Profile effects in early bilingual language and literacy 2015Bilingualism and the Development of Executive Function: The Role of Attention 2000Components in Early Second Language Reading and Spelling

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2023The relationship of language and social competence of preschool- and kindergarten-age single and dual language learners in Switzerland and Germany

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