Influenza vaccine preference and uptake among older people in nine countries

Enid W. Y. Kwong · Samantha Pang · Pin‐pin Choi · Thomas Kok‐shing Wong

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Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy Behavioral Health and Interventions Intramuscular injections and effects

Abstract

AIM: This paper is a report of a study delineating factors that influence older people's preferences and uptake of the influenza vaccine in nine countries. BACKGROUND: Vaccination uptake for the aging population in many countries still remains below the World Health Organization recommended rate. Older people who perceive higher susceptibility to and severity of influenza, and more benefits from vaccination and action cues prompting vaccination, tend to accept the vaccine, but those with more perceived barriers to vaccination are less likely to accept it. METHOD: A total of 208 older people from China, Indonesia, Turkey, Korea, Greece, Canada, the United Kingdom, Brazil and Nigeria were recruited to 14 vaccinated and 12 unvaccinated focus groups. They shared their experiences of influenza, and influenza vaccination, and promotion of influenza vaccination in focus groups. The data were collected in 2007. FINDINGS: We identified five themes and generated a hypothetical framework for in-depth understanding of vaccination behaviour among older people. Participants' vaccine preferences were determined by their behavioural beliefs in vaccination, which were based on their probability calculation of susceptibility to and severity of influenza and vaccine effectiveness, and their utility calculation of vaccine, healthcare and social costs. Action cues prompting vaccination and vaccine access further affected the vaccine uptake of participants with vaccine preferences. Vaccination coverage was likely to be higher in the countries where normative beliefs in favour of vaccination had formed. CONCLUSION: The hypothetical framework can be used to guide healthcare providers in developing strategies to foster normative beliefs of older people in vaccination, provide effective action cues and promote vaccine access.

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References

1984The Health Belief Model: A Decade Later 1977Selected Psychosocial Models and Correlates of Individual Health-Related Behaviors 2003What affects influenza vaccination rates among older patients? An analysis from inner-city, suburban, rural, and veterans affairs practices 2001Barriers to influenza immunization in a low-income urban population 2005The macroepidemiology of influenza vaccination in 56 countries, 1997–2003 2005Influenza vaccination coverage and reasons to refrain among high-risk persons in four European countries 2007Influenza vaccine coverage rates and perceptions on vaccination in South Korea 2003Barriers to Pneumococcal and Influenza Vaccination in Older Community‐Dwelling Adults (2000–2001)

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2019Acceptance and uptake of influenza vaccines in Asia: A systematic review 2016Information sources and knowledge on vaccination in a population from southern Italy: The ESCULAPIO project 2022Influenza Vaccination Hesitancy and Its Determinants Among Elderly in China: A National Cross-Sectional Study 2021Influenza vaccination knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Tunisian elderly with chronic diseases

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