Eye movements and hazard perception in active and passive driving

Julie M. Harris

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Human-Automation Interaction and Safety Traffic and Road Safety Visual perception and processing mechanisms

Abstract

Differences in eye movement patterns are often found when comparing passive viewing paradigms to actively engaging in everyday tasks. Arguably, investigations into visuomotor control should therefore be most useful when conducted in settings that incorporate the intrinsic link between vision and action. We present a study that compares oculomotor behaviour and hazard reaction times across a simulated driving task and a comparable, but passive, video-based hazard perception task. We found that participants scanned the road less during the active driving task and fixated closer to the front of the vehicle. Participants were also slower to detect the hazards in the driving task. Our results suggest that the interactivity of simulated driving places increased demand upon the visual and attention systems than simply viewing driving movies. We offer insights into why these differences occur and explore the possible implications of such findings within the wider context of driver training and assessment.

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References

2006Automaticity: A Theoretical and Conceptual Analysis.2003Mental workload while driving: Effects on visual search, discrimination, and decision making.1972Strategies of Visual Search by Novice and Experienced Drivers 2003Visual attention while driving: sequences of eye fixations made by experienced and novice drivers 1998Effects of experience and processing demands on visual information acquisition in drivers 2007Visual attention and the transition from novice to advanced driver 2002Visual search while driving: skill and awareness during inspection of the scene 1970Mapping Eye-Movement Patterns to the Visual Scene in Driving: An Exploratory Study

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2016A link between attentional function, effective eye movements, and driving ability.2016Working memory capacity, visual attention and hazard perception in driving.2019Getting Back Into the Loop: The Perceptual-Motor Determinants of Successful Transitions out of Automated Driving

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