Article2012

BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER IN PATIENTS WITH OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER: PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL CORRELATES

Daniel Lucas Conceição Costa · Melissa Chagas Assunção · Ygor Arzeno Ferrão · Luciana Archetti Conrado · Christina Hajaj Gonzalez · Leonardo Franklin Fontenelle +4 more

58 citations0/0 files storedDepression and Anxiety

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Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The prevalence, sociodemographic aspects, and clinical features of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have been previously addressed in primarily relatively small samples. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional demographic and clinical assessment of 901 OCD patients participating in the Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders. We used the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders; Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale; Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DY-BOCS); Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale; Clinical Global Impression Scale; and Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence of BDD was 12.1%. The individuals with comorbid BDD (OCD-BDD; n = 109) were younger than were those without it. In addition, the proportions of single and unemployed patients were greater in the OCD-BDD group. This group of patients also showed higher rates of suicidal behaviors; mood, anxiety, and eating disorders; hypochondriasis; skin picking; Tourette syndrome; and symptoms of the sexual/religious, aggressive, and miscellaneous dimensions. Furthermore, OCD-BDD patients had an earlier onset of OC symptoms; greater severity of OCD, depression, and anxiety symptoms; and poorer insight. After logistic regression, the following features were associated with OCD-BDD: current age; age at OCD onset; severity of the miscellaneous DY-BOCS dimension; severity of depressive symptoms; and comorbid social phobia, dysthymia, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and skin picking. CONCLUSIONS: Because OCD patients might not inform clinicians about concerns regarding their appearance, it is essential to investigate symptoms of BDD, especially in young patients with early onset and comorbid social anxiety, chronic depression, skin picking, or eating disorders.

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1961An Inventory for Measuring Depression 1988An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties.1989The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale 2008The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication 1996Validation of a Portuguese version of the Beck Depression Inventory and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory in Brazilian subjects.1994The Cross National Epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder 1999A 40-Year Follow-up of Patients With Obsessive-compulsive Disorder 1996Body Dysmorphic Disorder

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