Across‐persons versus within‐persons tests of expectancy‐value models: A methodological note

Carol A. E. Nickerson · Gary H. McClelland

24 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Behavioral Decision Making

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Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Education, Achievement, and Giftedness

Abstract

Abstract It has been asserted that (I) tests of expectancy‐value models require within‐persons analyses and that (2) within‐persons analyses yield better predictions of behavioral tendencies than do across‐persons analyses. The first assertion is correct; the second is not. Justification for within‐persons tests of expectancy‐value models must be made on theoretical rather than empirical grounds.

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References

1966Generalized expectancies for internal versus external control of reinforcement.1986Prediction of goal-directed behavior: Attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control 1972Elimination by aspects: A theory of choice.2004Handbook of Social Psychology 1972Pay and Organizational Effectiveness: A Psychological View.1983Expectations and actions: Expectancy-value models in psychology 1984The Theory of Reasoned Action Applied to Coupon Usage 1979Methods in behavioral research

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