The Narrative Modes: Techniques of the Short Story

Abstract

Part 1 Theories of narrative modes: a brief history of modes German studies Anglo-American and French studies hierarchy of modes the articulation of modes imbedded modes. Part 2 Mode chopping: the definition of modes speech report description comment borderline cases problems in mode chopping. Part 3 The modes in concert: modal deficits changing tastes in narratives modes modes and mediation the submodes reviewed - narrative pace the selectivity principle reader participation. Part 4 The submodes of speech: distance applications the submodes of thought the submodes of perception a review of the submode markers. Part 5 Inquits: inquit norms word order in inquits the tense of the inquit verb the scale of immediacy the inquit and stylistic norms. Part 6 Short story beginnings: openings with comment, description, report and speech modes imbedded in speech non-referential modes in speech. Part 7 How stories end I - the static modes: open and closed endings endings with comment irony comment from inside views endings with description description of persons descriptions of persons mixed with other modes description of things. Part 8 How stories end II - the dynamic modes: the ending with death endings which repeat beginnings techniques which mitigate the open effect of report considerations of style the open ending with report endings with speech. Part 9 Conclusion - novel and short story. Appendices: statistical survey of narrative modes devices in beginnings and endings.

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