Rivalry in Anglo-American and Mexican children of two ages.

Spencer M. Kagan · Millard C. Madsden

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Child and Animal Learning Development Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies Emotions and Moral Behavior

Abstract

Rivalry, behavior intended to lower the outcomes of a peer, was measured by four choice conditions presented to Anglo-American and Mexican children of ages 5-6 and 8-10. Older children were significantly more rivalrous than younger children (p4.001); Anglo-American children were significantly more rivalrous than Mexican children (p(.001); and the cultural difference tended to increase with age. The effect of conditions was significant (p4.001) indicating that for all groups rivalry was greatest when accompanied by both relative and absolute gains. The opportunity to avoid a small relative loss increased rivalry more than opportunity to accrue a small absolute gain. The development with age of greater rivalry in boys than girls was present for the Anglo-American but not Mexican

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References

1971Cooperation and competition of Mexican, Mexican-American, and Anglo-American children of two ages under four instructional sets.1970Cooperative and competitive behavior of urban Afro-American, Anglo-American, Mexican-American, and Mexican village children.1967Relative gain maximization in experimental games 1966Mothers of Six Cultures: Antecedents of Child Rearing 1972Experimental analyses of cooperation and competition of Anglo-American and Mexican children.1969Development of competitive game behavior in children across two cultures

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2004Anxiety Reporting and Culturally Associated Interpretation Biases and Cognitive Schemas: A Comparison of Mexican, Mexican American, and European American Families 1977Development of Prosocial and Competitive Behaviors in Anglo-American and Mexican-American Children 1993Parenting in Two Generations of Mexican American Families 2007Cultural Pathways through Human Development 1985Children in Cooperation and Competition 2001Between- or within-culture variation?1976Children's preferences for individualistic, cooperative, and competitive outcomes.

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