The behaviour and ecology of the buffy-headed marmoset, Callithrix flaviceps (O. Thomas, 1903)

Abstract

This thesis presents the results of the first long-term field study of the \nbuffy-headed marmoset, Callirhrix flaviceps, a rare primate species with a \nsmall natural range in southeastern Brazil. The introductory discussion \npresents the species in the context of a review of the available literature on the \ntaxonomy, evolution, behaviour and ecology of the primates of the family \nCallitrichidae. The study animals, study site and methodology are then \ndescribed. A detailed description of seasonal fluctuations in the abundance and \ndistribution of dietary resources at the site provides a frame of reference for \nthe analysis of the study group's behaviour. General patterns in the group's \nuse of time and space are outlined in the context of these variables and \ncomparisons are made with other callitrichid species. A number of behavioural \nstrategies are identified. A more detailed analysis of seasonal patterns in the \ngroup's foraging and feeding behaviour emphasizes the systematic nature of \nits exploitation of resources. The gum-feeding adaptation of the marmosets is \nseen as having far-reaching implications for many aspects of their behaviour \nand ecology. Behavioural specialisations for the capture of certain types of \nprey and the exploitation of secondary and disturbed forest habitats are also \nproposed. It is concluded that most features of the group's foraging behaviour \nsupport predictions drawn from optimality models, in the context of an overall \n'time-minimising' strategy in particular. As much of the behavioural \nrepertoire of this species appears to be broadly similar to that of other \ncallitrichids, these findings offer a number of important insights into their \necological adaptations.

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