Article2004

Development of Mutual Responsiveness Between Parents and Their Young Children

234 citations0/0 files storedChild Development

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Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Attachment and Relationship Dynamics Child and Animal Learning Development

Abstract

This comprehensive study of mutual responsiveness examined 102 mothers and 102 fathers interacting with their children at 7 and 15 months. Responsiveness was studied from developmental and individual differences perspectives, and assessed using macroscopic ratings and microscopic event coding. The latter captured parents' reactions to children's negative, positive, and physical bids, and children's reactions to parents' social-interactive bids, mood regulation attempts, and influence attempts. Responsiveness depended on bid type and child age, and reflected developmental changes in children, parents, and relationships. Mothers were more responsive than fathers; children were equally responsive to both parents and coherent in their responsiveness. Ratings revealed dyadic mutuality and longitudinal continuity of responsiveness. Parent-child responsiveness from 7 to 15 months was consistent with assumptions of a parent-driven process.

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References

1989Structural Equations with Latent Variables 1991Structural Equations with Latent Variables.1996Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling.1932A Handbook of Child Psychology 1999Handbook of attachment: theory, research, and clinical applications 1983Socialization In The Context Of The Family: Parent-Child Interaction 1984The Determinants of Parenting: A Process Model 1997Sensitivity and Attachment: A Meta-Analysis on Parental Antecedents of Infant Attachment

Cited by

2006The development of personal autonomy throughout cultures 2011Dyadic flexibility and positive affect in parent–child coregulation and the development of child behavior problems 2015Mutual influences between child emotion regulation and parent–child reciprocity support development across the first 10 years of life: Implications for developmental psychopathology 2009The emergence of mother–infant co-regulation during the first year: Links to infants’ developmental status and attachment 2008G × E interaction in the organization of attachment: mothers’ responsiveness as a moderator of children’s genotypes

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