Self-Schema or Self-Discrepancy? Which Best Explains Body Image?

Jaehee Jung · Sharron J. Lennon · Nancy A. Rudd

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Eating Disorders and Behaviors Consumer Perception and Purchasing Behavior Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies

Abstract

We investigated the discrepancy between women's actual and ideal appearance and its relationship to body image, mood, and self-esteem. In a two-part experimental design, 88 college women completed measures of appearance self-discrepancy and appearance self-schema. Two weeks later they were exposed to 16 photos of attractive media images and subsequently completed measures of mood, body image, and self esteem. One-way between subjects multivariate and univariate analyses of variance revealed that appearance self-discrepancy was related to all the body image variables and self-esteem, but not to the mood variables. Appearance self-schema may better explain body image than appearance self-discrepancy. Results are discussed in light of self-discrepancy theory, schema theory, and the Rudd and Lennon (1994) model of body aesthetics.

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References

1965Society and the Adolescent Self-Image 1987Self-discrepancy: A theory relating self and affect.1977Self-schemata and processing information about the self.1999Body image: understanding body dissatisfaction in men, women, and children 1976Measures of Social Psychological Attitudes.1980Cultural Expectations of Thinness in Women 1991Social Comparison and the Idealized Images of Advertising 1985Sex differences in perceptions of desirable body shape.

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